We used an experimental procedure we normally use to study grammar learning and applied it to evaluating art work. In the lab, participants looked at 50 paintings of landscapes by Van Goyen, a 17th century master. Next, we showed them 50 other landscape paintings. Half were Van Goyen’s and half were from his ‘environment’. Our participants indicated for each new painting whether they thought it was made by the same artist who made the first set of paintings or not. We tried ourselves. Overviewing all 100 paintings we presented in the lab, we could really not tell the difference between the Van Goyens and the environment (Cuyp or the Ruysdael). But we found that our participants could! Not perfectly, but definitely ‘above chance’.